I was reading that hosting companies usually offer two operating systems to choose from on the server, in the case of Linux you can use PHP and Python to mention some languages to use but in the case of Windows PHP, Python, Pearl or others can not be used because for Windows ASP or ASP.NET should be used. Did I get it right? PHP and Python are for Linux and for Windows it's ASP.NET, and the languages of one OS can not be used in the other?
First:
There is no such thing as the languages of an operating system . It is possible (and should be done) to create a compiler / interpreter of any language in any Operating System, 3rd generation programming languages do not depend on a specific operating system.
Second:
Both PHP, Python and C # (one of the possible ASP.NET languages) can run on both Linux and Windows.
In addition, PHP can run on Apache (both Windows and Linux) and IIS (Windows only).
Technically there are many possibilities to run applications on several platforms, although the degree of difficulty, compatibility and support could vary when choosing one or another option. This is why it is more common to use Linux operating system to run the Apache and PHP HTTP server than to do it under Apache in Windows or under IIS in Windows.