First you need to know the following definitions:
minSdkVersion : indicates from what API your application is
supported.
maxSdkVersion : indicates up what API version your application
it is supported.
targetSdkVersion indicates that API your application is
compiled, Integer value that designates the level of API to which it is directed
the application. If it is not configured, the default value is equal to
value assigned to the minSdkVersion.
Now to know the version when the project is generated:
$ cordova platform add android
$ cordova build android
check inside the file
platforms/android/AndroidManifest.xml
or for Cordova Android 7.0.0 within :
app/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml.
there you will find the properties mentioned above.
These values can be overwritten within the file config.xml
you can define the version define the minimum SDK to use and the target with which your application will be created.
<platform name="android">
<preference name="android-minSdkVersion" value="16" />
<preference name="android-targetSdkVersion" value="26" />
</platform>