You can create an array with the values of the checks, like this:
let valoresCheck = [];
$("input[type=checkbox]:checked").each(function(){
valoresCheck.push(this.value);
});
The values will be saved in the array.
EDITION :
If you really need to create an independent variable for each of the inputs, you can do so by accessing the window
object and dynamically creating the variables, (I do not recommend doing this, it's highly confusing and impractical)
$("input[type=checkbox]:checked").each(function(index, check ){
window["valorInput"+index] = check.value;
});
This will create a succession of variables in the global scope called valueInputN going from 0 to the amount of inputs that there is. I hope it works for something.