I would do it with {{$ index}} that if we use it within an ng-repeat every time it is called, it returns the current iteration (0,1,2, ....), and if we concatenate it with a string invented by us we get a unique id. You see it clearer in your own code:
<tr ng-repeat= "row in data | filter:getFilter">
<td>{{row.folio}}/td>
<td>{{row.fecha}}/td>
<td>{{row.nombre}}/td>
<td>{{row.usuario}}/td>
<td>{{row.departamento}}/td>
<td>{{row.descripccion}}/td>
<td>{{row.correo}}/td>
<td> button href="" id="MiIndiceInventado{{$index}} class="btn btn-success btn-xs" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#modal-aprobacion" ng-click="aprobar();">Aprobar /button>
</td>
</tr>
The "id" obtained would be:
MyIndexed Index0
MyIndexed Index1
MyIndexed Index2
and so on.